Hello, I am João Barros, psychoanalyst and writer. Today we will explore one of the most influential texts of psychoanalysis: “the malaise in civilization,” published by Sigmund Freud in 1930. This book is a deep reflection on the relationship between civilization and human well-being, addressing issues that are still very relevant today.
INTRODUCTION TO DISAKING
“Civilization in civilization” begins by wondering why humans, despite the advances of civilization, continue to suffer from unhappiness and dissatisfaction. Freud argues that this condition is the result of a fundamental conflict between the individual needs and the demands of society.
It highlights how civilization imposes restrictions on human instincts, especially sexual and aggressive instinct, to maintain social order. This repression, although necessary for the functioning of society, generates a feeling of malaise or discomfort among individuals.
The Instinct Theory
Freud develops his theory of instincts, dividing them into two main groups: life instincts (or eros) and death instincts. Life instincts are responsible for sexual impulse and the desire for unity, while death instincts correspond to aggressiveness and the desire for destruction.
He suggests that civilization tries to balance these opposite instincts, directing destructive energies to constructive activities. However, this process is not perfect and can lead to an aggressive tension accumulation, contributing to malaise.
The relationship between civilization and happiness
Freud also explores how the pursuit of happiness is closely linked to the satisfaction of instincts. However, civilization often interferes with this search, imposing limits on individual behavior in the name of order and collective security.
He argues that while civilization offers protection and stability, it can also deprive individuals of pleasurable and significant experiences, leading to a sense of empty and dissatisfaction. This trade-off between security and freedom is one of the main challenges faced by humanity.
Implications for everyday life
The ideas presented in “Civilization in civilization” have deep implications for our understanding of the human condition and the role of civilization in our lives. They remind us that individual well-being is inextricably linked to the social and cultural context.
It is important to recognize that the pursuit of happiness and the satisfaction of instincts are fundamental aspects of human experience. At the same time, we should consider how social and cultural structures can influence this search, often in complex and contradictory way.
In short, “malaise in civilization” is a rich and provocative text that challenges readers to reflect on tensions between the individual and society. By exploring these issues, we can gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of the human condition and the role ofpsychoanalysisIn the search for a broader understanding of ourselves and the world around us.
