Hello, I am João Barros, a psychoanalyst in love with exploring the connections between the human mind and society. In this article, we will dive into the fascinating world of “Totem and Tabu”, a masterpiece of Sigmund Freud that unites anthropology and psychoanalysis in an innovative way.
Introduction to Totemism
Totemism is a system of beliefs in which human groups identify with animals or natural objects, considered their ancestors or protectors. This practice was observed in various cultures around the world, especially among the indigenous peoples of Australia and North America.
Freud was interested in totemism as a way to better understand the human psyche and his relationship with society. He saw totemism as an expression of the deepest psychological structures, linked to the formation of civilization and the rules that govern human relations.
The prohibition of incest: a universal taboo
One of the most intriguing aspects of totemism is the prohibition of incest, a taboo found in almost all cultures. Freud argued that this prohibition has roots in the human psyche, related to the repression of incestuous desires and the need to set limits on sexual behavior.
This ban is also linked to the formation of social structures, as it helps to avoid endogamy and promotes the exchange of sexual partners between different groups, strengthening social ties and cooperation.
The relationship between totemism and Oedipus complex
Freud saw in Totemism a manifestation of the Oedipus Complex, a central concept inpsychoanalysis. The Oedipus Complex refers to the unconscious desire that children have for one parent and rivalry with the other.
In the context of totemism, the Oedipus complex can be observed in the relationship between group members and the totemic animal, which is seen as a father or ancestor. The ban on killing or consuming the totemic animal can be seen as a way to resolve the edic conflict, repressing the desire to kill the father and replacing it with a taboo.
Implications for psychoanalysis and society
<P “The ideas presented in” totem and taboo “have deep implications for psychoanalysis and our understanding of society. They suggest that the most basic psychological structures, such as the Oedipus complex, play a fundamental role in the formation of rules and taboos that govern human relations.Moreover, Freud’s work reminds us of the importance of considering the cultural and anthropological dimension of psychoanalysis, recognizing that psychological structures are influenced by the social and historical context in which we live.
In short, “totem and taboo” is a rich and complex work that offers valuable insights on human nature, society and the psyche. By exploring the connections between anthropology and psychoanalysis, Freud invites us to reflect on the deepest roots of our behaviors and beliefs, and to consider how this knowledge can be applied to improve our understanding of ourselves and the world around us.
